The name is self-explanatory and includes widely used prescription only veterinary medicines such as phenylbutazone, flunixin meglumine, ketoprofen, firocoxib, and meloxicam used to control pain and inflammation. Use has been associated with gastric ulceration EGUS though the relationship is complex and individual horses differ in their response and susceptibility to ulcer formation. Dose and duration of treatment also impact on ulcer formation. Where susceptibility to ulcers is estimated to be high then the use of the more selective options ketoprofen and firocoxib coupled with minimal effective dose and concomitant anti -ulcer treatment may be appropriate.