Carnitine

aka L-Carnitine. Necessary for the transport of fatty acids across the mitochondrial cell membrane where they can be oxidized to produce energy in the form of ATP. Mitochondria are tiny organelles found inside cells and act as energy factories for the cell. Carnitine supplements have been touted as an aid to improving muscle energy metabolism and thereby performance. Various studies have produced conflicting results. Carnitine supplements increase plasma carnitine concentration but not the concentration in muscle where it exerts its main effect. To date, studies in horses have not confirmed that the availability of Carnitine is limiting on exercise performance. Whilst Carnitine appears safe to use at recommended supplement dosages there is insufficient scientific evidence that is has any useful effect on muscle metabolism, increases energy or reduces post exercise muscle soreness in horses. Not recommended for use.